TOMSK, Jul 29 –
RIA Tomsk. A group of scientists from
Tomsk State University (TSU), Siberian State Medical University (SSMU) and the
Institute of Cardiology developed a non-invasive approach to diagnosing
myocardial infarction based on the analysis of biomarkers in exhaled air; they
also "taught" the computer to recognize these markers, TSU press
service told RIA Tomsk.
It was previously reported that scientists of TSU and Cardiology Research Institute several years ago were developing a technique to assess immune inflammation in the heart, which would allow timely detection of patients with complications after myocardial infarction. The researchers planned to use biomarkers to form diagnostic panels that would allow them to identify a risk group among patients and prevent the development of complications.
© flickr.com/ nerissa's ringAs previously reported, TSU postgraduate student Vladimir Andryushchenko is creating a big library of medical data in order to train artificial intelligence to recognize diseases in humans based on ECG signals.
Detect an
infarction by air
According to
her, the issue of prompt diagnosis of myocardial infarction is very relevant,
since this pathology is one of the three most frequent causes of death.
Typically, acute myocardial infarction is detected using electrocardiogram
(ECG) and highly specific for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) markers in the
blood, but these methods are not always convenient.
"Specialists
of the laboratory of laser molecular imaging and machine learning of TSU, SSMU,
and Cardiology Research Institute have developed a new noninvasive approach for
diagnosing myocardial infarction. It is based on the method of analysis of
biomarkers in the exhaled air, previously created in TSU for the diagnosis of
serious pathologies", the interlocutor of the agency said.
With reference
to the developers, she added that exhaled air contains many molecules, which
are products of metabolism, and serve as indicators of certain changes in the
human body. For example, in AMI. Myocardial cells experience oxygen starvation
accompanied by lipid peroxidation. This chemical reaction is also manifested in
the exhaled air.
How the study
was conducted
During the work,
scientists of Cardiology Research Institute took samples from 30 patients with
primary myocardial infarction. As a result, they identified six volatile
molecular biomarkers, which were used to train a computer model so that the
artificial intelligence learned to identify this disease by biological markers
of people, the interlocutor of the agency explained.
She noted that a
peculiarity of this work is that two alternative approaches are used at
creation of diagnostic models: the first one is based on revealing chemical
patterns of exhaled air sample, the second one - on registration of group of
pre-detected molecular biomarkers.
The researchers
outlined the results of their collaboration in a scientific paper, which was
published in the Journal of Breath Research.
© сайт Томского государственного университетаDevelopers of a non-invasive approach to diagnosing myocardial infarction