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12:24 PM  April 12, 2019

TSU scientists create technology for new generation implants

© предоставил Сергей АникеевTSU scientists create technology for new generation implants

TOMSK, Apr 12 – RIA Tomsk. A team of scientists of Tomsk State University (TSU) is developing import-substituting intellectual technology to create implants of new generation with improved properties; the work is being carried out with the support of the Russian Science Foundation (RSF), the project manager Sergey Anikeev reported RIA Tomsk.

He specified that this is about creation of biocompatible porous-permeable materials based on titanium nickelide (TiNi) with a modified surface of the pore walls. The received porous alloys based on TiNi have a high potential for replacing bone tissue defects in the human body. The materials developed can be used in dentistry, maxillofacial surgery, oncology and traumatology.

New implants – less rehabilitation time

The project is implemented on the basis of the Laboratory for Medical Alloys and Shape Memory Implants of the Siberian Physical-Technical Institute of Tomsk State University, funded by the Russian Science Foundation: it received a grant on the "Conducting of Initiative Research by Young Scientists" competition – 1.5 million rubles annually for two years.

According to Anikeev, the team of young scientists is tasked with developing porous materials for creating implants that shorten the period of recovery and rehabilitation of patients. Scientists see the solution to this problem in optimizing of the material's macrostructure (porosity, average pore size, pore size distribution) and creation of the developed rough pore wall surface.

"This approach will ensure the successful integration of cell cultures in the pore space of the implant from the early stages of interaction in the system "implant – body", – says Anikeev.

He explains that the scientific novelty of the project lies in the development of technology for obtaining porous biocompatible materials based on TiNi with the terrace-like surface structure of the pore walls.

"The proposed technology is fundamentally different from other approaches, since it involves creation of a terrace-like surface of the pore walls at the stage of obtaining a porous material and does not require additional specific treatments, which are particularly difficult for porous alloys", – says the scientist.

He notes that the terrace-like structures on the surface of the pore walls of porous TiNi have not been previously observed and have not been studied in any scientific group working with TiNi-based alloys.

"In the process of working on a PhD thesis, the structural features of the terraces on the surface of the pore walls in materials obtained by diffusion sintering were first described, and the mechanisms and processes responsible for their formation were only to be determined. This formed the basis of the project supported by the RSF", – Anikeev added.

How to create a terrace for cells

The project manager explains: the main advantage of the received structures on the surface of the pore walls is their dimensional correspondence with living cells. This positively affects the adhesive properties of a porous material based on TiNi.

Such structures are the primary places of attachment of cells in the early stages of development in the pore space of the implant, which further ensures the active growth of the cell mass.

"Researches of the state of pore space showed that due to the presence of a developed terrace-like relief, the specific surface area of the porous material increases by 35%, which is a significant indicator of the effectiveness of the technique used. Only by sintering method it was possible to activate the processes necessary to form the terrace-like morphology of the pore wall surface", – says the scientist.

© предоставил Сергей Аникеев
The structure of the pore wall surface with the developed terrace-like morphology

Future of the project

Currently, the project team determined the conditions for the formation of a terrace-like relief in porous alloys based on titanium nickelide, obtained by diffusion sintering method.

Also, scientists established the processes responsible for the emergence of terraces on the surface of the pore walls. The results of the research were published in journals indexed by the Web of Science and Scopus, and presented at the international conferences.

According to Anikeev, the project results will serve as the basis for the development of domestic technologies for obtaining new biocompatible porous permeable TiNi materials with modified, developed rough surface of the pore walls due to the formation of a terrace-like relief on the surface of the pore walls.

The developed technology will allow to manufacture implants for various areas of medicine – traumatology, dentistry, oncology. "Successful implementation of the project will allow to receive scientific and applied results with the aim of introducing them into the production processes of creating implantable structures according to domestic technology, which may provide an increase of import substitution in this area", – summarizes the TSU scientist.


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